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Federal Tax Rates & Retirement Limits

A quick reference for federal income tax brackets, standard deductions, retirement contribution limits, and Roth IRA income phase-outs by year.

2024 Federal Brackets — Single

RateIncome Range
10%$0 – $11,600
12%$11,601 – $47,150
22%$47,151 – $100,525
24%$100,526 – $191,950
32%$191,951 – $243,725
35%$243,726 – $609,350
37%$609,351+

Standard deduction: $14,600

2024 Federal Brackets — Married Filing Jointly

RateIncome Range
10%$0 – $23,200
12%$23,201 – $94,300
22%$94,301 – $201,050
24%$201,051 – $383,900
32%$383,901 – $487,450
35%$487,451 – $731,200
37%$731,201+

Standard deduction: $29,200

2024 Retirement Plan Contribution Limits

Plan / LimitAmount
401(k) / 403(b) / 457 elective deferral$23,000
401(k) catch-up contribution$7,500 (age 50+)
401(k) “super” catch-up (SECURE 2.0)N/A — standard 50+ catch-up applies
401(k) total with catch-up$30,500
Traditional / Roth IRA contribution$7,000
IRA catch-up contribution$1,000 (age 50+)
SEP-IRA / overall defined contribution limit$69,000
SIMPLE IRA / SIMPLE 401(k) deferral$16,000

2024 Roth IRA Income (MAGI) Phase-Out

Filing StatusContribution Reduced
Single / Head of Household$146,000 – $161,000
Married Filing Jointly$230,000 – $240,000

Contributions are phased out to $0 once MAGI exceeds the top of each range shown.

2025 Federal Brackets — Single

RateIncome Range
10%$0 – $11,925
12%$11,926 – $48,475
22%$48,476 – $103,350
24%$103,351 – $197,300
32%$197,301 – $250,525
35%$250,526 – $626,350
37%$626,351+

Standard deduction: $15,750

2025 Federal Brackets — Married Filing Jointly

RateIncome Range
10%$0 – $23,850
12%$23,851 – $96,950
22%$96,951 – $206,700
24%$206,701 – $394,600
32%$394,601 – $501,050
35%$501,051 – $751,600
37%$751,601+

Standard deduction: $31,500

2025 Retirement Plan Contribution Limits

Plan / LimitAmount
401(k) / 403(b) / 457 elective deferral$23,500
401(k) catch-up contribution$7,500 (age 50+)
401(k) “super” catch-up (SECURE 2.0)$11,250 (ages 60–63)
401(k) total with catch-up$31,000 / $34,750 (ages 60–63)
Traditional / Roth IRA contribution$7,000
IRA catch-up contribution$1,000 (age 50+)
SEP-IRA / overall defined contribution limit$70,000
SIMPLE IRA / SIMPLE 401(k) deferral$16,500

2025 Roth IRA Income (MAGI) Phase-Out

Filing StatusContribution Reduced
Single / Head of Household$150,000 – $165,000
Married Filing Jointly$236,000 – $246,000

Contributions are phased out to $0 once MAGI exceeds the top of each range shown.

2026 Federal Brackets — Single

RateIncome Range
10%$0 – $12,400
12%$12,401 – $50,400
22%$50,401 – $105,700
24%$105,701 – $201,775
32%$201,776 – $256,225
35%$256,226 – $640,600
37%$640,601+

Standard deduction: $16,100

2026 Federal Brackets — Married Filing Jointly

RateIncome Range
10%$0 – $24,800
12%$24,801 – $100,800
22%$100,801 – $211,400
24%$211,401 – $403,550
32%$403,551 – $512,450
35%$512,451 – $768,700
37%$768,701+

Standard deduction: $32,200

2026 Retirement Plan Contribution Limits

Plan / LimitAmount
401(k) / 403(b) / 457 elective deferral$24,500
401(k) catch-up contribution$8,000 (age 50+)
401(k) “super” catch-up (SECURE 2.0)$11,250 (ages 60–63)
401(k) total with catch-up$32,500 / $35,750 (ages 60–63)
Traditional / Roth IRA contribution$7,500
IRA catch-up contribution$1,100 (age 50+)
SEP-IRA / overall defined contribution limit$72,000
SIMPLE IRA / SIMPLE 401(k) deferral$17,000

2026 Roth IRA Income (MAGI) Phase-Out

Filing StatusContribution Reduced
Single / Head of Household$153,000 – $168,000
Married Filing Jointly$242,000 – $252,000

Contributions are phased out to $0 once MAGI exceeds the top of each range shown.

Select State Top Marginal Rates

StateTop Rate
New York10.90%
New Jersey10.75%
California13.30%
Florida0%
Texas0%

Figures above reflect published IRS thresholds, including adjustments under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) for 2025 and 2026. This page is for general reference only and is not tax advice — consult your CPA before making decisions based on these figures.